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ILLUSTRIOUS
PERSONAGES
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Hernando
Domínguez Camargo (1606-1659), Colombian poet. He was born in Santafé of Bogotá. The most important in the Baroque poets of the viceroyalty of New Granada. He studied in San Bartolomé's school and in 1621 he entered as novice in Jesus' Company, order to which gave up soon after. It was parish priest in several cities, among them in Tunja, where he died.
Their work remained forgotten and it was printed a lot after its death. In 1666, the Heroic Poem of San Ignacio de Loyola was published, and in 1676, Bouquet of several poetic flowers that understands a text in prose, Invective Apologetic and several brief poetic compositions. In their works Góngora's influence is appreciated, in an intent to avoid a reality creating another higher one and more elaborated aesthetically. |
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Miguel Domínguez.
He was born and died in the Mexico City (1756-1830). He Studied laws in the school of San Ildefonso; member of the School of Lawyers (from 1785), he worked in the official department bigger than the viceroyalty and in the secretary of the Real Treasury.
Later like corregidor to Querétaro and it opposed himself to the alienation of the goods of pious works, that which stirred up him the animosity of viceroy Iturrigaray who ended up separating it transitorily of their position.
In 1808, in spite of the previous offense, it supported the viceroy's projects to form a meeting precursor of the Independence; and when that ruler was deposed by the peninsular ones, it destroyed all evidence that it could commit him even more. From then on worked for the American emancipation, a work that allowed him, until certain grade, to carry out some secret meetings secretly. The meetings of the Literary Academy that took place in their house of Querétaro, encouraged by their wife Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, were dedicated in fact to comment the political situation and to prepare the liberal movement.
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They converged to this meetings, among other, the presbiterian José María Sánchez, the graduated in laws Laso and Altamirano, the officials Allende, Aldama and Arias, and the siblings Epigmenio and Emeterio González. It is possible that the own cure Miguel Hidalgo has attended at some time. September 13, 1810, the conspiracy was denounced by Francisco Buera to the ecclesiastical judge Rafael Gil León; and this communicated the news to Domínguez who faked to ignore the plot. In exercise of their functions, it was for the notary and the military commandant and together they registered the house of one of the González to whose apprehension proceeded, because there they found a man manufacturing cartridges. Well-known few days later the corregidor's complicity, the dawn of September 16 was stopped, but the mayor of Court, Hill, put it in freedom and it restored it in his position. It was removed later by the viceroy Calleja, when due to the canon's reports Beristáin and Souza, commissioner to discover to who stimulated the rebelliousness, was deprived of his freedom doña Josefa and transferred the Mexico City. Domínguez continued its wife and difficult days it passed in the capital, until the viceroy Ruiz de Apodaca allowed him to continue perceiving his salary. In 1823 it was part of the Executive Power and in 1824 it was designated magistrate and president of the Supreme Court of justice.
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María
Josefa
Ortiz de Domínguez (1768-1829), Mexican patriot that served as connection among the plotters of the independence in 1810. She was born September 8, 1768, in Valladolid (Morelia, State of Michoacán) and she studied in the School of San Ignacio de Loyola, where it remained between 1789 and 1791, lapse in which learned how to read, to write, to count and to embroider. It was not an illiterate, like it has been said in occasions, because his letters have even been published. To the little of leaving the school got married with the graduated in laws Miguel Domínguez, a lawyer son of Spaniards that there was you in love with her during a visit to the institution. The viceroy Marquina, expert of the Creole lawyer's merits, named him at once corregidor of Querétaro. The youth, of character restless and accused personality, era already sympathetic of the cause of independence and soon it was able to convince her husband so that unites to this movement. Well-known in the history like
The Corregidor women of Querétaro, she was, together with her husband, one of the most active members in the conspiration meetings in favor of the independence.
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Their situation like the corregidor's wife was key for many actions of the rebellious movement, since she could act like connection among the commanders without waking up suspicions. Informed of the delations made by the Arias captain and the sergeant Garrido, in those that she was necessary the place in that were kept the weapons that would be good for the revolution of October of 1810, it tried to avoid that these will stop to realistic hands.
Before the accusations of the plot, the corregidor Domínguez was forced, to tranquilize to the authorities, to make some arrests, as that of the González siblings. Knowing their wife's impetuous character, he took the caution of locking her with key in their rooms. Later, him same it was captured. In spite of being confined, doña Josefa found the way to communicate to Miguel Hidalgo and Ignacio Allende (that were in those moments in Dolores) the necessity to advance the date of the proclamation of the independence, since the conspiracy had been discovered. Known this news, the commanders decided to begin the insurrection immediately.
When being accused by the captain Arias, she was stopped and transferred the Mexico City, where it was locked in the convent of Santa Teresa la Antigua and, later, in that of Catalina de Siena, where it was condemned to three years of reclusion. Because of their pregnancy, their prison was not very severe and in 1817 it was pardoned by the viceroy Apodaca. During the government of Iturbide, when being he grateful their merits for hte independence, was offered the position of the empress's maid of honor, but she rejected it for not being in favor of the empire. On the contrary, it continued faithful to their ideals and she affiliated to the liberal radical groups. She died in the city of Mexico in 1829.
The legend around the energetic personality of Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez increased with the popular knowledge of some of the episodes of its life, among those that make an appointment having reproached with hardness to Hidalgo the slaughters of Grenades and to the president Victoria the expulsion of the Spaniards. The most critical moments in their life passed them contained and, however, the great key with which her husband contained it today is exhibited in the museum of Querétaro like cult object and, in fact, as paradoxical symbol of the freedoms. She is also the only woman of the whole history of Mexico that, next to Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, it has been present in the Mexican numismatics. Their face shone, serious and proud, in the old currencies of copper of twenty cents, and today nobody questions its heroism and its courage. In spite of having rejected all recognition class, to their death the country finally surrendered her the deserved homage. Their remains were exhumed of the convent of Santa Catalina de Siena, where it was named by the Congress of the
State meritorious of the homeland.
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José López
Domínguez (1829-1911), military and Spanish politician, the government's president (1906).He was Born in the town malagueña of Marbella, November 29, 1829. Son of military and nephew of Francisco Serrano, general future and duke of the Tower, entered in the Army in 1845. Ascended five years later to lieutenant, it was dedicated to Seville, where in 1854 it was added to the general Leopoldo's pronouncement O'Donnell known as the Vicalvarada.
Already as major, it was part of the commission military Spaniard correspondent as observer in 1854 to the war of Crimea, it was added to the Spanish Embassy in Paris up to 1857 and in 1859 he was dedicated as observer to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia to study the war against Austria.
To their return to Spain participated actively in the war of Morocco in 1859 and 1860, participating that last year in the battles of the valley of the Castillejos, Tetuán and Wad-Ras, after the course of which it achieved the ascent to colonel. In those years their entrance took place in the politics, affiliating to the Liberal Union, political formation in which militated his uncle, the general Francisco Serrano. Between 1859 and 1865 it was chosen in two occasions deputy. It collaborated closely with the general Serrano in the preparation of the Revolution of 1868, participating in the battle of Alcolea. Once constituted the provisional government, undersecretary of the Presidency was named. One year later was elected member of the Constituent Cortes and, soon after its uncle's appointment like regent in June of 1869, became secretary of the Regency. In 1871 it was ascended field marshal and noted assistant of the new king, Amadeo I. Participated actively in the third Carlist war and in the fight against the cantonalism. In December of 1873, during the cantonal movement, he was designated general in boss of the forces in fight against Cartagena, exercise that culminated with the capitulation of the square at the beginning of 1874. In March of that year it assumed the headquarters of the State bigger than the Army of the North one and then that of the Army of Catalonia, in the mark of the third Carlist war final phase.
The beginning of the Restoration in December of 1874 supposed him the relief of the control. He incorporated to the Liberal Party created by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta and, in 1882, to Dynastic Left that had been founded by their uncle. It passed to integrate the government presided over by José Posada Herrera like minister of the war, between October of 1883 and January of 1884. After Serrano's death in 1885, he became the boss of the liberal groups of left that would finish uniting to the dissident conservatives headed by Francisco Romero Robledo to found the Reformist Party, dissolved in turn in 1888. After returning to the liberalism of Sagasta, it carried out for second time of the war wallet between December of 1892 and March of 1895, in a government presided over by that. Its plan of the campaign of Melilla in 1883 and 1884 was worth him to be named general captain. In July of 1906 it passed to exercise the government presidency, until their resignation at the end of November of that year soon after the opposition of different sectors of the Liberal Party. In 1908 was chosen president of the Senate. It died October 17, 1911, in Madrid.
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Belisario Domínguez
was born in Comitán, Chiapas, in 1863. In 1879 it passed San Cristóbal to study the high school in the Institute of Sciences and Arts of the State, and later to Paris in whose university was received from medical surgeon, obstetrician and oculist. He returned to Comitán in 1889 and he was devoted to the exercise of their profession. In 1903, of trip in Mexico, Chiapas, an accusation writing about the misery that deprived in its entity, and 4 numbers of the biweekly newspaper The Bard published. Of turn in their native city, it provided gratuitous medical care to the sick indigent. Toward 1905 it refuted the governor Rafael Pimentel to have given an official character to the house of health of Comitán, private institution that until then it had worked with success. In 1911 it was elect municipal president. That year, Juan Espinosa Torres that rebel was in San Cristóbal, invited the mayors of the State to unite to the movement against government Manuel Rovelo Argüello. Domínguez answered to name of all them, challenging it to a bereavement: each who he would not choose one of two identical guns, a loaded one and the other one.
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Both would aim the weapon to the temple of the contrary one and they would shoot to a voice; "the powers will remain in Tuxtla told him if you are I live; in San Cristóbal if I am me". Postulated for the Liberal Club Chiapaneco, was elect substitute senator in the elections of 1912. In December, being in Mexico, died the proprietor, Leopoldo Gout, and he entered in functions. Political enemy of Victorian Vegetable garden, prepared a speech to be read September 23, 1913 in the Senate, but the president of the assembly impeded it to him to consider it subversive. It ordered then to print and the text that the day was met 29 to circulate; he said, among other things, "that the Mexican town cannot resign to have for President from the Republic to Victorian Vegetable garden, soldier that appropriated of the power by means of the betrayal"; he called to the national representation to depose the usurper, "even with the danger and the security of losing the existence" and it qualified of murderer to the general. Following October 7, at 11:30 in the night, the agents of the reserved police forced him to leave the room that occupied in the Garden Hotel; they took it to the cemetery of Coyoacán and there they gave him death, burying him almost to earth flower. The murder caused the turbulent sessions of the Camera (days 9 and 10) that drove to the breakup of the Congress and the apprehension of the deputies. August 13, 1914 the remains were transferred to the French Vault and in May of 1938 to Comitán. The Senate of the Republic has instituted the Medal Belisario Domínguez to reward the civil value.
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José
de Jesús Núñez y Domínguez, diplomat, writer and poet, he
was born in Papantla de Olarte, Veracruz, in 1887. He was journalist for vocation and, together with Rafael Alducín, founded the Revista de Revistas of which was the first director; later, it propitiated the birth of the daily Excélsior whose name in fact owes himself to Núñez y Domínguez who it also encouraged Rubén Pabello Acosta to found the Diario de Xalapa in September 13, 1943, in Xalapa, Veracruz, during the same period in that was carried out the National Congress of History in the same city, thanks to the insistence of Núñez y Domínguez who one of the main characters that would impel the historical and anthropological discoveries was. It was author of countless works of historical nature and their poetic production was valuable and vast. During their last years it cultivated the literature and one of their last works was a study dedicated to the Chilean novel. After entering to the External Service of Mexico, it was ambassador in several countries like Argentina, Honduras, Dominican Republic and others.
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Being ambassador from Mexico in Chile, and after a lingering and painful cancerous affection, the illustrious teacher José de Jesus Núñez y Domínguez died in Santiago de Chile in March 31, 1959. Soon after that the government from Chile surrendered the law honors to this prominent Mexican, in the Diario de Xalapa it was instituted September 14 like day of memory and tribute of immortal gratitude to who owed the birth of this important newspaper of the capital.
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Ernesto Domínguez Aguirre was born in Ixmiquilpan, Hidalgo, in 1897; he died in the Mexico City in 1969. He specialized in meteorology in the Facultad de Altos Esudios of the UNAM and in the Department of Meteorology of Washington. In 1923 it established the Center of Forecast of the Gulf in the port of Veracruz, and it was managing founder of the Ability of Engineering of the Universidad Veracruzana, where for many years it served classes of their specialty. It was the first one in to study and to formulate, without radar, the structure of a hurricane. It collaborated in El Dictamen of Veracruz and he wrote Meteorología Náutica.
Pepe Domínguez (José del Carmen Domínguez y Saldívar)
was born in Dzizantún, Yucatan, toward 1905; he died in Cuba in 1950. He studied in the Instituto Literario de Mérida. He worked as rural teacher in some henequen properties of the municipality of Cansahcab. He began in the music interpreting songs in fashion and composing their own melodies. In 1922 it passed Merida, it organized an estudiantina, he encouraged comedies and dramas, and in 1925 he formed a duet with Felipe Castillo. In 1926 it was hired to act in the Havana, in the company of Mexican magazine of which was main figure Celia Montalbán. There he gave to know their song Linda Muñequita. Of return in Yucatan, it directed the Quintet Merida, with which acted in Mexico, Puebla, Monterrey and Turret. Among their compositions they highlight: El día que me quieras, with verses of Amado Nervo, and the revel For yucateco. He founded the Orquesta Típica de Yucalpetén to whose front acted in the Palacio de Bellas Artes
(1994).
Oralia Domíguez was born in San Luis Potosí in 1922. She studied song in Music's National Conservatory and with particular teachers. It debuted in the Choir of the National Opera, interpreting the musician's paper in Manón Lescaut of Puccini. To this work Carmen, Hans and Gretel, Orfeo, The Minstrel, Dance of Masks and others continued. In 1953 it went to Europe in whose scenarios obtained the definitive consecration. Their voice belongs to mezzo-soprano. It resides in Milan, Italy from 1956. In 1976 it traveled to Mexico to sing Verdi's Réquiem in the Palacio de Bellas Artes.
Óscar Domínguez
(1926-1957), Spanish painter, was born in San Cristóbal of the Lagoon (Tenerife) and deceased in Paris, city in which most of their life lived. It is one of the maximum Spanish representatives of the surrealism together with Salvador Dalí and Joan Miró. Its work, open to multiple influences, has direct connections that go beyond the mere imitation, with that of Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dalí and Victor Brauner.
Starting from 1929, he settled down definitively in Paris, city to which had gone previously in several and brief stays for family business.
In 1933, he carried out their first surrealist exhibition in the Circle of Fine arts of Santa Cruz from Tenerife. The following year, it established contact with Breton André, incorporating to the group of the surrealists until their estrangement in 1948, when Breton stopped to include him in the samples of the group; it remained, however, always faithful to their friendship with the poet Paul Éluard.
His creation was the Decalcomanías or Decalcomanias that Breton André and Paul Éluard defined in its Dictionnaire abrégé du surréalisme (abbreviated Dictionary of the surrealism) like it continues: "Decalcomanía (aimless preconceived or decalcomanía of the
desire)—you Extend, by means of a thick paintbrush, black gouache more or less diluted in different points of a leaf of white glossy paper that you will recover immediately with another same one, on which you will exercise a slight pressure. Lift it quickly (discovered procedure for Óscar Domínguez in 1936) ". That year the artist began the realization process of other, less risky, in those that it was served as insoles and that they limited more the interpretation free of the spectator to those that she called "automatic decalcomanías of premeditated interpretation".
In their production they also had great importance the objects of symbolic operation, of those that so many Dali carried out, and that they combined mechanical operation and representation of the repressed erotic desires. Ilustrator of numerous publications of the time, it published, in 1947, his book of verses Les deux qui se croisent (both that they look at themselves).
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